What is the back wall of a stage called?
Exploring the Function and Design of the Upstage Wall in Theatre
(By Carmichael Phillip)
(Photo: Ivan Samkov | Pexels)
Understanding the Back Wall: The Upstage Wall
In theatrical terminology, the back wall of the stage is commonly referred to as the upstage wall or simply the back wall. This structural element is situated at the farthest point from the audience, forming the rear boundary of the performance area. In traditional proscenium theatres, the upstage wall is a permanent, immovable part of the building’s architecture. It serves as a backdrop for performances and often supports various stage elements, such as lighting equipment and scenery.
Historical Perspectives: From Skene to Scaenae Frons
The concept of a back wall in theatre dates back to ancient times. In ancient Greek theatre, the skene was a structure at the back of the stage, initially a temporary tent or hut used for costume changes and as a backdrop. Over time, it evolved into a permanent architectural feature.
In Roman theatre, this evolved into the scaenae frons, an elaborately decorated permanent architectural background of a Roman theatre stage. The scaenae frons often featured multiple stories, columns, and statues, serving both functional and aesthetic purposes.
Modern Theatre: The Role of the Back Wall
In contemporary theatre, the back wall continues to play a crucial role. It provides a surface for hanging backdrops, cycloramas, and other scenic elements. In some productions, the back wall is intentionally left exposed to create a specific aesthetic or to break the fourth wall, offering the audience a glimpse into the behind-the-scenes aspects of theatre production.
Cycloramas and Backdrops: Enhancing the Back Wall
A cyclorama, often abbreviated as “cyc,” is a large curtain or wall, typically concave, positioned at the back of the stage. It is used to create the illusion of sky or open space and can be lit in various colors to achieve different effects.
Similarly, backdrops are large painted curtains that hang at the back of the stage, depicting various scenes or settings. These elements are essential in transforming the back wall into a dynamic part of the storytelling process.
Architectural Considerations: Designing the Back Wall
When designing a theatre, architects must consider the structural integrity and functionality of the back wall. It must support various loads, including suspended scenery and lighting equipment. Additionally, the surface of the back wall should be suitable for painting or attaching scenic elements. Some theatres opt for a neutral-colored back wall, often black, to minimize distractions and focus the audience’s attention on the performers.
Innovative Uses: The Back Wall as a Scenic Element
In modern productions, directors and set designers often use the back wall creatively. For instance, in minimalist or avant-garde performances, the back wall may be left bare to emphasize the rawness of the production. Alternatively, projections and digital media can transform the back wall into a dynamic visual element, enhancing the storytelling experience.
Conclusion: The Back Wall’s Enduring Significance
The back wall of a stage, whether referred to as the upstage wall, skene, or scaenae frons, remains a fundamental component of theatre architecture. Its evolution from a simple backdrop to a versatile scenic element reflects the dynamic nature of theatrical production. Understanding its history and functionality allows for greater appreciation of the complexities involved in stage design and performance.
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